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May 9, 20233 min read

What Is Uniform Civil Code

In India, the concept of a Uniform Civil Code is one that has been debated for many years, and various social and political reform groups have long called for it. The UCC is not legally enforceable but is seen as a guiding principle for the government to follow because it is contained as a Directive Principle in the Constitution of India.


The UCC is a contentious topic in India, as supporters claim it would advance equality and secularism while opponents claim it would impede people's freedom of religion and cultural practices. Overall, the controversy surrounding the UCC in India has drawn attention to the delicate and complicated interplay between the law, religion, and culture in that nation, which has to be examined objectively and resolved in a progressive, comprehensive manner.


Article 44: Constitution of India

  • In Article 44 of the Constitution of India, which is a Directive Principle of State Policy, it is stated that the state shall work to ensure that citizens have access to a uniform civil code across India.

  • The Supreme Court has made reference to Article 44 and the concept of a universal civil code in a number of instances, mostly to highlight how poorly the legislature and the government have implemented the directive.

  • The State is required by Article 44 of the Constitution of India to work towards establishing a unified civil code across the entirety of India. It is included in Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), Part IV of the Constitution of India, which the State is obligated to keep in mind when it governs the nation.

Necessity of Uniform Civil Code

  • It Encourages True Secularism- The selective secularism that India currently practises means that while we are liberal in some settings, we are not in others. Regardless of their allegiance with a particular religion, whether they are Sikhs, Christians, Muslims, or Hindus, all people of India must abide by the same laws. Everyone shall be treated equally under a uniform civil code; this does not suggest that the right of individuals to practice their religion would be constrained.

  • Treatment of all Indians has to be equal- Currently, our personal laws are based on specific religions, and so while Muslims in India are permitted to remarry, Hindus or Christians will be subject to legal consequences if they do exactly the same. All Indians should be treated equally under the law in regard to getting married, inheriting family, land, and other matters. The only way to guarantee that all Indians get treated equally is to do this.

  • Provide Additional Liberties to Women- The status of women in India will also be improved by a standard civil code. We are sentencing all Indian women to enslavement and mistreatment by permitting out-dated religious laws to continue to regulate family life in our deeply patriarchal and sexist country. With the understanding that women must be regarded with dignity and given equal rights in today's society, a consistent civil code will assist in altering these antiquated customs.

  • The Modern Nation Possess it- A nation that is modern and developing will have a consistent civil code. It is evidence that caste and religious politics are no longer prevalent in the country. In fact, it might be accurate to argue that our culture and society have deteriorated to the point that we are neither traditional nor modern. A consistent civil code will advance society and propel India closer to its objective of being a developed country.

Worldwide Scenario on Uniform Civil Code

Because of the sense of unity, which we Indians have yet to cultivate and spread, Israel, Japan, France, and Russia are powerful nations today. Most nations have a uniform civil code, or for that matter, a uniform body of criminal or civil law.


The US and European countries both have secular laws that are equally and consistently applied to all citizens, regardless of their religious beliefs. Shariah, a universal rule founded in Islamic nations, is applicable to everyone, regardless of religion.


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