As the primary legal instrument outlining the structure of government and the rule of law in a democratic republic, the Constitution occupies a special and unrivalled place. It lays out the composition of the government, defines the roles and responsibilities of each branch, and offers the fundamental legal framework for the country. The Constitution is frequently referred to as the "Mother of All Laws" for this reason.
Constitution of India: About
A body of legislation known as Constitution Law addresses every aspect of the national framework. Constitution law is the general term for the study of the Constitution. A nation's constitution is the document that provides a thorough definition of the country.
It outlines the functions, authority, roles, and structures of the many bodies operating within the state. It consists of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches as well as any other bodies that uphold citizens' fundamental rights. The world's longest constitution is the Indian one.
The Indian Constitution is alleged to be a "borrowed" constitution because it incorporates numerous beneficial elements from other international constitutions.
Important Provision of Constitution of India
Structure of Government:
The fundamental principles of a government's formation and operation are laid down in the Constitution.
It describes in detail the functions and duties of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
Every other statute, rule, and regulation must be in accordance with the Constitution; any that are not may be deemed void and unconstitutional.
Fundamental Rights (Part III) and Directive Principles of State Policies (Part IV):
The fundamental rights that every citizen is entitled to, such as equality before the law, freedom of expression, and religion, are typically listed in the Constitution.
These fundamental rights serve as a barrier against the government's capricious actions.
Similarly, the Constitution frequently lists citizens' duties and responsibilities, offering a fair social compact.
Fundamental Duties (Part IV A)
The Fundamental Duties are a citizen's obligations to the country, and they are modelled after the Russian Constitution. The Indian people are expected under the Constitution to fulfil their duties, even if they cannot be enforced in court.
These were added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, in response to suggestions made by the Swaran Singh Committee, and were not included in the original Constitution.
To honour the institutions and ideals of the constitution
To honour and uphold the lofty principles that motivated our country's liberation struggle
To preserve and safeguard India's sovereignty, unity, and integrity
To protect the nation and perform national duty when required
To foster a sense of fraternity among all Indian citizens
To protect our composite culture's unique legacy
To preserve and enhance the environment
To cultivate the spirit of inquiry, humanism, and scientific temper
To protect property owned by the public
To pursue excellence in all areas of one's own and group endeavours
Amendment and Adaptation:
Despite being the ultimate law of the land, the Constitution frequently contains articles that allow for amendments.
A country can adapt and change throughout time, as long as it stays within the parameters of constitutional legitimacy.
It becomes a dynamic, stable, and adaptable document as a result.
Provisions for Emergencies:
The German Constitution served as the model for the Emergency measures. Article 353 explains the impact of an emergency, whereas Article 352 covers the process and further information regarding emergency procurement.
Articles 354 through 359 go into depth about how the legislative authorities are used during an emergency, including their duties, requirements, and application.
There are provisions for a financial emergency under Article 360.
The Constitution is worthy of the moniker "Mother of All Laws" because of its broad impact, its role in establishing the extent and bounds of governmental power, its protection of fundamental rights, and its status as the supreme source of legal authority. It acts as the foundation upon which a country erects its legislative framework, administrative systems, and, eventually, social structure. Thus, a democratic system's ability to function depends critically on citizens' comprehension and observance of the Constitution.
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